Cryonics Magazine Goes Digital

Cryonics Magazine has been a staple of the Alcor Foundation for decades. We hope our readers find it a compelling source of information about topics of interest, such as how to optimize your cryopreservation arrangements, recent happenings at Alcor, issues facing the field of cryonics, relevant sciences, and more. While Alcor has no plans to stop producing Cryonics Magazine, we have gone digital in our distribution.

Alcor will no longer distribute printed copies of Cryonics Magazine. However, we will continue to offer each issue free of charge electronically on the Alcor website. An electronic magazine has the advantage of being available for viewing at the convenience of anyone with a computer, while costing significantly less for Alcor at a time when proactive budget balancing is a high priority.

We understand that sometimes our readers may want a printed copy of the magazine. As a result, we are making arrangements with an online print-on-demand service, where our readers can request a printed copy of any future issue of the magazine for shipping to a designated address. This is a good way to continue your own collection of Cryonics Magazine or affordably inform others about Alcor. Whether you want a single copy or multiple copies, we encourage you to use the print-on-demand option, when it becomes available. Each issue will only cost $9.95 plus shipping.

To view the 1st and 2nd quarter 2010 issue of Cryonics Magazine, and all past issues, simply go to:
http://www.alcor.org/magazine

In the coming weeks, we will announce instructions regarding how to request printed copies of Cryonics Magazine, whether for yourself, your friends, or a family member. If you have any questions, simply call us at the below toll-free number:

D’Bora Tarrant, Front Office Administrator
877-462-5267 x 101

Alcor Gratefully Receives Large Bequest

Alcor has received seven million dollars following final settlement of the estate of a confidential member who was cryopreserved several years ago. The bequest will be divided equally between Alcor’s Patient Care Trust and a new Endowment Fund to be created with a maximum legally allowed annual distribution of 2% per year.

This will double the value of the Patient Care Trust to approximately $7 million, increasing the security of all 100 patients in Alcor’s care. The Patient Care Trust is devoted solely to funding the ongoing biostasis of Alcor’s patients and their eventual revival and reintegration into society when the medical technology to restore them to full health is developed.

Since the new Endowment Fund has not yet been established, the funds earmarked for it will be kept in a segregated account that follows the 2% distribution rule until the Endowment is ready. The choice of a 2% annual distribution was made following extensive discussions among the Alcor Board and respected financial advisors in the Alcor community. The consensus was that a 2% annual distribution is consistent with compounded growth in fund principal over a multi-decade time frame and would best serve Alcor’s long term interests.

This is a marked departure from past Alcor practice, which has been to place windfalls into either the Alcor general or reserve fund accounts.  The funds would then be gradually depleted to cover operating deficits, with the hope that an additional windfall would arrive prior to the depletion of funds. Alcor is instead now seeking to eliminate structural operating deficits so that it is no longer dependent upon these unpredictable events. Consequently, this bequest will not make a large difference in Alcor’s budget next year:  it will only contribute an extra $70,000. While $70,000 will help close next year’s deficit, it must be combined with other difficult measures. In the longer term, however, this financial discipline will make Alcor a healthier and more robust organization.

Alcor members are encouraged to remember Alcor in their estate planning.  Bequests have historically played a large role in the growth and stability of Alcor. The establishment and seeding of a new Endowment with legally-limited withdrawals will provide an avenue whereby members can be confident their contribution will make a long-term difference to the stability and well being of the organization upon whose survival all of our lives depend.

Securing Your Optimum Cryopreservation

Jennifer Chapman
Executive Director
November 12, 2010

At the 2010 Strategic Meeting, the board and management discussed Alcor’s financial well-being at length.  The majority of the meeting focused on specific budget cuts, fee increases, and plans for establishing an endowment.  However, it was also necessary to discuss those policies and practices which affect Alcor’s bottom line.  This article is intended to clarify Alcor’s grandfathering practice in general, as well as the benefits and limitations of Alcor’s Comprehensive Member Standby policy, specifically.

Grandfathering

Alcor has a long-standing tradition of grandfathering its members.  This means that as cryopreservation costs increase Alcor does not require existing members to obtain more funding in order to remain an Alcor member.  Grandfathering prevents a long-time member from suddenly losing his or her membership when Alcor raises its required funding minimums.  This is especially important for members who have retired, become ill or disabled, or cannot get additional life insurance.

It is important to understand that Alcor is not contractually obligated to follow this grandfathering practice.  In fact, Alcor’s grandfathering practice allows the organization to limit its emergency response for members who are funded below the then-current minimum funding levels.  For instance, Alcor’s current membership agreements read:

Cryopreservation Agreement, Section III: Representations, Warranties, and Limits of Liability, Article 8

“Alcor does not warrant or represent that the minimum required amount of the Cryopreservation Fund will be adequate to pay for the Member’s cryopreservation and maintenance.  This amount has been suggested by Alcor with consideration to current costs and estimates of future costs.  The actual future costs remain unknown; and some portions of the current costs, especially those which may arise from the special legal, medical, and practical circumstances of the individual Member, or difficulties in transport of the Member, cannot be known or even estimated in advance.  It is the responsibility of the Member to exercise his/her best judgment as to what constitutes adequate provision of resources to achieve successful cryopreservation and storage.”

Cryopreservation Agreement, Section III: Representations, Warranties, and Limits of Liability, Article 10

“Alcor warrants and represents only that all procedures connected with cryopreservation, maintenance, and revival will be done with Alcor’s best efforts given the logistical, funding, personnel, knowledge and other constraints limiting it at any particular time.”

To reduce the financial burden of cryopreserving grandfathered members, Alcor may alter the cryopreservation process to reduce costs if the member’s payment to Alcor is below Alcor’s stated minimum in effect at the time of the cryopreservation.  Such alterations may include, but are not limited to, using fewer personnel, less sophisticated procedures, less expensive cryoprotectants, no cryoprotectants, or limiting the extent of cryoprotection of whole body patients. 

To help ensure optimal procedures will be available at time of cryopreservation, Alcor members are encouraged to plan for future increases in cryopreservation funding requirements in accordance with their life expectancy.  In short, if you are not funded at or above current cryopreservation minimums at the time of legal death, you may not receive an optimum cryopreservation.  The unsustainability of grandfathering without such cost mitigation measures was recently highlighted in a detailed analysis of Alcor finances by Rob Freitas.

Comprehensive Member Standby: Benefits

In 2005, we were pleased to announce our “Comprehensive Member Standby” (CMS) program, a major initiative in our ongoing quest to provide more effective cryopreservation procedures to Alcor members.  As the name indicates, CMS covers the “standby” phase of a cryopreservation, often referred to as “standby, stabilization, and transport.”  Standby is a critical, and often costly, phase of the cryopreservation process. 

During a standby, time is of the essence.  Teams of highly-trained personnel are available around-the-clock, waiting nearby the Alcor member in need.  Response personnel are outfitted with the necessary medications and equipment and stand ready 24 hours a day to stabilize the patient after pronouncement.  The teams respond in an expeditious manner, very similar to the response expected for a person who donates their organs for transplant.  

An expeditious response is critical because the chances of an effective cryopreservation – and thus a successful future resuscitation – increase with the promptness of the response.  The faster an Alcor patient is cooled, treated with protective medications, afforded a blood washout for additional metabolic stabilization, and transported to the Alcor operating room for cryoprotection, the better the chances that a quality cryopreservation will result.  

Benefit: No out-of-pocket expense for standby services at the time of need

Prior to initiation of the CMS program, Alcor members paid out-of-pocket for their standby needs with a credit card or prepayment.  Standby expenses could range from $15,000 to $40,000, depending on the location and duration of the standby.  It was often very difficult for members to incur these expenses at a time of great emotional stress and competing financial needs.  Further, not every member had the financial means to make such arrangements. 

The core concept of CMS is to provide standby coverage to eligible members for no additional charge at the time of need.  (Eligible members are those residing in the continental U.S. and Canada.  Standby response to Canada may be delayed by customs and immigration delays.)  In exchange, members pay an out-of-pocket cost of $10 per month, which is waived for minors and eligible students.   For this modest fee, Alcor members receive standby coverage that would otherwise cost tens of thousands of dollars at the time of need.

Benefit: CMS includes up to $5000 for relocation assistance

Further, the CMS program has a built-in benefit for terminal members.  Alcor is a staunch advocate of encouraging its members to relocate to the Scottsdale area, especially in the event of a terminal illness.  The benefits of relocation include greatly reducing ischemic injury to the patient through expeditious application of Alcor’s post-pronouncement response protocol (known as bedside care), reducing the potential for unexpected logistical challenges, and minimizing cost. 

Our members are warmly welcomed at a variety of highly cooperative hospice facilities in the Phoenix and Scottsdale areas.  These hospices will immediately pronounce our members upon clinical death and provide a supportive atmosphere before and during the critical first moments of our stabilization process.  If it is not yet time for hospice care, we can help our members find local resources to meet their living space needs. 

We believe so strongly that a successful standby sets the stage for a successful overall cryopreservation that our CMS policy provides up to $5000 of relocation assistance to any terminal member (with a prognosis of 90 days or less) who relocates to the greater Phoenix area.  We realize relocation at the end of life can be a difficult decision.  We offer this relocation benefit to increase the quality of the cryopreservation, while reducing the burden on families. 

Comprehensive Member Standby: Limitations

The level of standby care that can be provided beyond basic CMS may depend upon how much funding the individual member has provided.  Basic CMS coverage, for instance, does not include transport to Alcor after legal death by a charter jet and may not include field blood washout before transport. 

Limitation:  CMS does not include expedited transport to Alcor by charter jet

The need for cryopreservation is often unpredictable.  Legal death may occur as the last commercial flight of the day is departing.  Even if Alcor is present at a patient’s bedside and immediately begins the stabilization process following pronouncement, the patient may ultimately suffer several hours of ischemic injury before transport to Alcor if no commercial flights are available.  If the delay is significant, cryoprotective perfusion, i.e., the vitrification process, may not even be possible. 

Depending on the circumstances, an overnight delay may be enough to significantly impair the cryopreservation or result in a straight freeze.  A straight freeze does not provide any of the protective qualities of the vitrification solutions and is believed to require more advanced technologies to attempt future resuscitation.  In fact, any delay in the onset of perfusion is undesirable and best avoided.

To receive the best cryopreservation possible, transport to Alcor for cryoprotective perfusion needs to happen as expeditiously as possible.   How can that be achieved for those who do not live in the immediate Phoenix area?  There are a few ways to increase your chances of receiving expeditious transport to Alcor: (1) Relocate nearby the Alcor facility or (2) fund a charter flight.

As previously indicated, we actively encourage our members to relocate nearby the Alcor facility when the time of need can be foreseen.   Although relocation nearby Alcor is the ideal outcome, it is not always possible.  For remotely-located members in danger of suffering a considerable delay while awaiting a commercial flight, we recommend providing funding for a charter flight after legal death. 

Charter flights within the continental U.S. can cost as much as $40,000, depending on the distance to be traveled.  Alcor can arrange for a charter flight at the time of need, but only if the member has provided adequate funding.  It is important to realize that funding for a charter jet must be provided above and beyond the required cryopreservation minimum. 

A charter flight can often be available in as little as 2-4 hours.  When moments count, and the next commercial flight is several hours away, a charter flight is your best bet.  At this time, only members who have provided $40,000 in additional cryopreservation funding have secured charter jet services within the continental U.S., should the need arise. 

Limitation:  CMS may not include field blood washout

Blood replacement with an organ preservation solution is known as blood washout, or simply washout.   The main immediate benefit of washout is rapid cooling.  As previously indicated, the faster an Alcor patient is cooled, the better the chances that a quality cryopreservation will result.  Placing ice around the body is not nearly as effective as circulating cooled solutions throughout the body using the vascular system, as occurs during a washout. 

Washout is the single most logistically challenging aspect of a standby.  It requires personnel trained to access the vascular system and operate the necessary perfusion equipment.  It often requires securing an appropriate facility where the procedure can be performed on short notice.  In deciding whether to proceed with a washout, Alcor must balance the benefit of expedited cooling against the potential detriment of delaying transport of the patient to Alcor for full cryoprotection.  Alcor must also consider the cost.  Retaining the necessary personnel and facilities can be expensive, particularly if the standby lasts longer than expected. 

In some circumstances, a patient who would have benefited from a washout will not receive one, simply due to financial constraints.  At this time, those who have provided less than $80,000 for a neuropreservation or less than $200,000 for a whole body cryopreservation may not receive a field washout.  As Alcor raises its rates, members who want to have the best chances of receiving an optimum cryopreservation will need to increase their funding to match Alcor’s new rates.

Limitation: CMS may include limited standby personnel or technologies

CMS can provide limited standby personnel for limited periods of time and may not include improved technologies.  It is anticipated that new technologies will become available in the future that will cost more.  For instance, it may one day be possible to expeditiously cool a cryonics patient internally much faster than even a washout can achieve, such as using lung lavage technology.  Thus, Alcor will use its best judgment, considering the amount of funding provided by the member, to determine the level of care that can be provided. 

Recommendations for Securing Your Optimum Cryopreservation

The above explanations are only examples of ways in which your cryopreservation may be impacted due to funding limitations.  All aspects of Alcor’s cryopreservation protocol, including standby and operating room procedures, are eligible for modification in accordance with your available funding.  In general, Alcor will make best efforts consistent with funding available.  It remains each member’s responsibility to ensure the accuracy of Alcor’s records regarding available funding. 

This article is not meant to be an exhaustive list but to give you a sense of the importance of contacting Alcor today regarding increasing your cryopreservation funding.  In some cases, it may be as simple as changing the beneficiary on your existing insurance coverage to allocate a greater percentage to Alcor.  In other cases, you may need to seek additional coverage through your life insurance agent.  Cash prepayment and credit card authorization are also options.

Recommendation #1:  Provide Alcor with funding well in excess of current cryopreservation minimums at all times

If you already have a life insurance policy with a death benefit that exceeds the existing cryopreservation minimum, you may be okay. However, make sure that your funding is consistent with your remaining life expectancy.  The longer you expect to live, the more funding you should provide, or expect to provide, for your cryopreservation in the future.  The following tables show historical price increases for Alcor’s neuropreservation and whole body cryopreservation procedures.

Neuropreservation Funding Minimums

1970s – $25,000
1982 – $35,000
1991 – $41,000
1994 – $50,000
2005 – $80,000

Whole Body Funding Minimums

1970s – $60,000
1982 – $100,000
1991 – $120,000
2005 – $150,000
2011 – $200,000

Similar price increases driven by inflation and improving technology are inevitable in the future, and must be planned for. We encourage you to contact Alcor to confirm the status of your funding and make any necessary changes without delay.

Recommendation #2:  Even if you plan to relocate to the greater Phoenix area at your time of need, fund a charter flight

Funding a charter flight can be achieved by ensuring Alcor has access to at least $40,000 above the current cryopreservation minimum.  Charter flights can be funded by life insurance, cash prepayment, or credit card authorization.  (Contact Diane for the necessary credit card authorization form.) 

Diane Cremeens, Membership Services Coordinator

Toll-free: 877-462-5267 x 132

Local: 480-905-1906 x 132

Fax: 480-922-9027

Email:

_________________________________________________

Jennifer Chapman

Executive Director

ALCOR FOUNDATION

Larry Johnson Held in Contempt of Court and Forced to Post Bail in Nevada to Avoid Jail; Lawsuit Continues in New York

Last year, Larry Johnson and self-proclaimed screenwriter, Scott Baldyga, wrote and started selling for profit the book Frozen, which purported to be about Alcor. The book was published by Vanguard Press. After successfully filing suit against Johnson in 2003 for violating the privacy of Alcor members, Alcor was forced to sue Johnson again in 2009, as well as Baldyga and Vanguard, for publication of Frozen. The lawsuit was filed to obtain damages for the false and defamatory content of the book, to enforce prior court orders and agreements which publication of the book directly violated, and to protect the privacy of Alcor members.

After being found in contempt of court for failing to answer for his conduct, an arrest warrant for Larry Johnson was issued in Arizona earlier this year. This was followed by an arrest warrant in his new home state of Nevada. After posting bond for the Nevada warrant to avoid jail, Johnson finally sat for deposition on October 20, 2010. During deposition, Larry Johnson invoked the Fifth Amendment more than 300 times to avoid incriminating himself. Questions which he declined to answer included:

Q. Is it true that the book Frozen contains numerous lies and inaccuracies about Alcor?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you knowingly and intentionally defamed Alcor and all of its members in the book Frozen that you authored?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you have consistently made up stories concerning alleged death threats that were, in fact, never made to you?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

When asked if Mr. Johnson lied to various governmental agencies about his prior reports, he declined to answer based on the apparent fear of being prosecuted for criminal conduct. For instance:

Q. Is it true that you have lied to governmental agencies concerning Alcor matters?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you lied to the office of OSHA concerning Alcor?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

When asked if any of the affidavits and statements made by Mr. Johnson to the courts of Arizona, Nevada or New York were true or false, Mr. Johnson once again invoked the Fifth Amendment against self-incrimination:

Q. Is it true that you knowingly lied to an Arizona judge concerning this proceeding?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you knowingly lied to a Nevada judge concerning the proceedings before Nevada?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you knowingly lied to a New York judge concerning matters pending in New York?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Mr. Johnson was also asked whether he lied to various police departments about Alcor. When confronted with the implications of such conduct, Mr. Johnson once again invoked the Fifth Amendment to such questions to avoid self-incrimination:

Q. Is it true that you lied to the Scottsdale Police Department Police Department concerning Alcor?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you lied to the Las Vegas Police Department concerning Alcor?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

Q. Is it true that you lied to the Glendale Police Department concerning Alcor?

A. I respectfully decline to answer and wish to assert my Fifth Amendment rights.

The failure of Mr. Johnson to meaningfully cooperate with orders of the court and his refusal to answer questions is the subject of a hearing to take place on November 9, 2010 in Nevada.

In June of this year, the court in Nevada domesticated the July 2009 Arizona Judgment requiring Larry Johnson and his wife to return all materials relating to Alcor, and to cease disparaging or otherwise speaking about Alcor. Following imposition of bank account levies and garnishment, Mr. Johnson paid the balance of the $6,543 judgment plus interest.

On October 26, 2010, and following the depositions of Mr. Johnson and his wife, the presiding judge in Nevada domesticated the May 2010 Arizona Contempt Judgment against Larry Johnson and his wife. The contempt judgment not only reinforces the underlying judgment for the return of Alcor-related materials, but it deems Mr. Johnson and his wife in further contempt of court. Mr. Johnson is now obligated to pay Alcor additional sanctions of more than $40,000, plus $100 for each and every day he continues his contemptuous conduct. These sanctions will be garnished from his income until they are paid in full. Alcor intends to seek further sanctions against Mr. Johnson for his continued non-compliance, including forfeiture of the $10,000 bond previously posted by Mr. Johnson to avoid being placed in jail.

On October 29, 2010, the New York court denied a motion to dismiss filed by Mr. Johnson. The court would only dismiss for now the “conversion” claim against Mr. Johnson for technical reasons, leaving claims for defamation and other causes of action intact. The New York court is going to allow the Arizona and Nevada courts to continue the process of finding Mr. Johnson in contempt of court. Alcor will also be asking for the return of documents from any third-parties located in New York based upon the domesticated Arizona judgment. Claims for defamation and other causes of action, including aiding and abetting a breach of fiduciary duty, against Vanguard Press and Scott Baldyga will also continue forward in New York.

Recently, Alcor was successful in forcing Vanguard Press to take down its promotional website of the book Frozen. Alcor is hopeful the courts will take all action necessary to continue enforcement of its orders and judgments against Mr. Johnson.

“For more information about this case, see Alcor’s Response to Larry Johnson.”

Readiness and Transport

Alcor recently acquired its second LUCAS 2 chest compression device replacing the older LUCAS, leaving one assigned to the airline travel kit and one now assigned to the Rescue Vehicle.

The LUCAS 2 differs from the original Lucas in that it is an electric rather than a pneumatic device. This eliminates the need to carry or locate a portable O2 supply while on deployment. LUCAS 2 can be powered either by battery alone or using a wall or car electricity outlet. The battery is the latest in rechargeable, Lithium Ion Polymer technology and operates for up to 45 minutes on a single battery. When a battery needs to be replaced, the device does not have to be powered down, only put into the pause mode, and when the new battery is inserted, operation can be quickly resumed, limiting the cessation of circulation. The LUCAS 2 is remarkably quieter to operate, which is very important in a hospital or hospice setting.

New Statistics

Membership
Alcor had 926 members on its Emergency Responsibility List. Two (2) memberships were approved during this month, one (1) membership was reinstated, four (4) memberships were cancelled and two (2) members were cryopreserved. Overall, there was a net loss of three (3) members in September 2010.

Applicants
Alcor had 53 applicants for membership. Seven (7) new applicants were added, two (2) applicants were converted to members and no applicants were cancelled resulting in a net gain of five (5) applicants in September 2010.

Information Packets
Alcor received 161 information packet requests. There were 194 info packs requested in September 2010, 14 were handed out during facility tours or from special request. The average total of 206 info packs sent per month in 2010 is compared to 188 in 2009.

Alcor Board of Directors Meeting

The next Alcor Board of Directors meeting is scheduled for Saturday, November 6, 2010, at the Alcor facility (7895 East Acoma Drive in Scottsdale, AZ) at 11:00 A.M. (MT). Members and the public are encouraged to attend.

Alcor Board of Directors Meeting-Summary

The Alcor Board of Directors was present at the Alcor facility on September 11, 2010, for the annual Board of Directors meeting which was open to the public. During this meeting elections were held for officers and board members. Jennifer Chapman was re-elected as President of Alcor. Mike Perry was re-elected as Alcor Treasurer and Secretary. Board members: Tim Shavers, Ralph Merkle, Michael Riskin, Ravin Jain, Brian Wowk, Saul Kent, Michael Seidl, and James Clement were re-elected as the Board of Directors of Alcor.

Strategic meetings were held throughout the weekend with board members, management and staff to discuss research & development, technical progress and membership issues. 

We will have more information about the meeting on our blog and in future newsletters.

Upcoming Training Session

PHOENIX
Alcor will host a training session for the Arizona Response Team on Saturday, October 16th. This will be held at Alcor Central in Scottsdale, AZ starting at 1:00 pm. Aaron Drake, Alcor’s Medical Response Director will conduct the training.

Topics to be covered include learning the operation of Alcor’s new Lucas 2 chest compression system, obtaining rapid vascular access with a Bone Injection Gun and establishing an advanced airway using the King Airway. This will also be a great opportunity to meet and interact with Alcor’s new Readiness Coordinator, Steve Graber.

Immediately following the training, the monthly cryonics meetup will be held at its usual location, just down the street. Come and enjoy an afternoon AND evening of cryonics fun!

Deployments

Deployments
We have had 15 deployments in the last year for Alcor members, including 2 this past month. A suspension was performed in 11 of those deployments. Alcor collaborated with Suspended Animation’s team on 4 of these responses.